The relationship between protein structure, dynamics, and function is fundamental to biology. Proteins are inherently dynamic, adopting multiple conformations that enable folding, catalysis, molecular recognition, and signal transduction. However, capturing these processes across timescales ranging from femtoseconds to hours remains a major challenge.
Time-resolved spectroscopy has transformed our understanding of protein function by probing excited states and tracking the kinetic evolution of intermediates generated upon activation. Time-resolved X-ray methods, like crystallography and solution scattering can provide atomic-resolution snapshots of structural changes and information on the conformational dynamics, respectively. Because no single experimental technique can fully capture the complexity of biomolecular dynamics, theoretical approaches such as molecular dynamics simulations and quantum-mechanical calculations are essential for interpreting and integrating the experimental findings.
The 91ÁÔÆæ Workshop ‘Time-resolved spectroscopy meets time-resolved crystallography: Advances and challenges’ aims to bring together researchers working in the fields of time-resolved spectroscopy and time-resolved X-ray diffraction and scattering techniques as well as computational methods to present recent advances, discuss current challenges, and strengthen interdisciplinary collaborations. A particular emphasis will be placed on emerging triggering strategies beyond light, including ligand mixing, photocage release, microfluidics, and chemically triggered reactions, expanding time-resolved studies to biological systems that are intrinsically light-sensitive. The workshop will also highlight state-of-the-art instrumentation and methodologies developed at large-scale research facilities.
The following topics will be addressed:
- time-resolved spectroscopy
- time-resolved serial crystallography at synchrotrons and XFELs
- time-resolved X-ray solution scattering
- time-resolved cryo EM
- sensory photoreceptors of optogenetic interest, membrane proteins, photosynthetic systems, UV-damage, heme proteins, flavoproteins
- various triggering strategies including chromophore excitation, photo-uncaging, mixing and diffusion, temperature-jumps, electric field stimulation, etc.
- computational biology (MD simulations, DFT, QM/MM)
- software development for time-resolved spectroscopy and time-resolved serial crystallography
This third edition builds on the successful meetings held in and (see also this ) and broadens its scope by encompassing research on biological systems that are not naturally light-sensitive, while keeps fostering interdisciplinary collaboration across the above-mentioned scientific communities.
The website for this course is under construction. Read this  for more information from the co-organizers.
(Image credit to the course organizers, with help from AI.)
Organizers: Sofia M. Kapetanaki, Sofia Jaho, Martin Appleby, Nicoletta Liguori